paulmuses

THE AMERICAN PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 2020

Recently, several students have asked me questions about America’s November 3rd presidential election. I thought I would put together a list of ‘briefing points’ and suggested reading that might help us see not only what is before our eyes but also what lies beneath the surface.

My selection and description of points are influenced and limited by my identities; a partial list follows. I am an American citizen, a life-long member of the Democratic Party, a liberal committed to an incremental approach to solving social problems, a believer in Black Lives Matter protests but not in the defunding of the police, a friend of many Trump supporters, and a Political Scientist professor.

Personally, I hold this last identity marker loosely because while I may know things you don’t, I also, perhaps, have a better sense than you of how much I do not know. When it comes to politics or other matters of complex human systems, we all ‘see through the glass darkly.’

1. President Trump, as a candidate in 2016, and as president has been one of the least popular politicians in American history. His approval rating as president has never tipped above 50%, unprecedented in the era of polling. In 2016 he ran against Hillary Clinton who matched him in unpopularity. A good argument can be made that the 2016 election was more about Clinton’s unpopularity than Trump’s appeal. (Morris Fiorina Unstable Majorities )
2. Candidate Trump won the presidency in 2016 through the slimmest of vote margins, 77,000 votes in four states. The election could have easily gone the other way. Trump dominates the American political scene so much it is good to step back and see how slim his victory was. America is much more than Donald Trump. However, Mr. Trump’s victory also suggests that America is also much more than Barack Obama. America is both Obama and Trump, and always has been!
3. From the moment President Trump took the oath of office, America’s civil society provided an outlet for protest movements against President Trump and the Republican Party. A similar phenomenon occurred during the Obama presidency, particularly after the Affordable Health Care Act was passed in 2009. The Black Lives Matter protests after the killing of George Floyd continue this tradition. In my judgment, America’s key democratic strength is the strength of its civil society. (Theda Skocpol Upending American Politics; Eric Liu You’re More Powerful than you think)
4. Today, Nate Silver’s FiveThirtyEight gives Joe Biden a 78% chance of winning the presidency. I believe Silver’s site is the gold standard for polling predictions. I think this for three reasons. One, he averages a large number state and national polls instead of depending upon one or two. Two, and most important, he builds state polls into the prediction formula, essential given how America’s electoral college works. Three, on Election Day in 2016, Silver’s formula gave Donald Trump a 30% chance to win and Silver throughout fall 2016 emphasized how volatile the polls were and how many undecided voters there were. He urged caution. If you want to know more, dig into FiveThirtyEight. There is a lot more to the site than polling.
5. There is less volatility in the polling for 2020 meaning Biden has held a solid national polling lead for many months. There are likely fewer undecideds in 2020 than in 2016, perhaps as few as 5% of the voting population. The election will be a referendum on the Trump Presidency and most American voters have already formed an opinion.
6. President Trump’s handling of the COVID crisis has hurt him politically, perhaps dooming his chances for re-election. The fact he has contracted the disease and that it is spreading through the White House makes it impossible for him to divert attention to other stories.
7. The following is a personal comment, by Paul Gardner, the American citizen. President Trump’s performance in last week’s Presidential debate was the low point of my life observing and living American democracy. I have never felt so down, so utterly depleted.
8. Having said that, I know many of my Trump-supporting friends feel similarly. Or at least close. However, some will support him because they prefer Republican policies to Democratic policies. It is good to remember this. Almost 63 million Americans supported Donald Trump in 2016, most, I suspect, are offended by his character, racism, and cruelty.
9. One of the consequences of America’s polarized politics is that millions of Americans hate the other party so much they are willing to support a candidate and now a President Trump. (Ezra Klein Why we’re polarized )
10. President Trump is a product and not a cause of America’s polarization. It is also true that he has worsened America’s divisions. He feeds on America’s conflicts and that is why Candidate Trump has never really tried to be President Trump, has never really tried to expand his base. Not only is he imprisoned by his own personality but by the make-up of today’s Republican Party and the limitations of America’s two party system. (Lee Drutman Breaking the Two Party Doom Loop)
11. America’s polarized politics is rooted in sociocultural and demographic changes in America now more than half a century old. This story is well told by Ezra Klein and Lee Drutman. America’s political fights today are mostly about what kind of country we want America to be. Racial, ethnic, religious, and sexual diversities are central to America’s divisions. (Heather Cox Richardson How the South Won the Civil War )
12. There are similarities between America’s political struggles and what is happening in many Eastern and Southern European countries, including Romania. Populism is rising across the world, including in America. This populism is connected to immigration or fear about immigration, stagnant wages, distrust of elites, and de-alignment of traditional parties. (Roger Eatwell and Matthew Goodwin National Populism, Ivan Kristen & Stephen Holmes The Light that Failed.
13. Both America’s mainstream parties, Republican and Democratic, have serious internal divisions. On a personal note, I am a moderate Democrat, and there are significant differences between my political vision and the vision of the progressives in my party. ( on the Republican Party Jacob Hacker & Paul Pierson Let them eat tweets & Democratic Party Steven Stoft Ripped Apart )
14. In Breaking the two-party doom loop, Lee Drutman makes a compelling case for moving America to a multi-party system, the norm for Democracies across the world. Not impossible, as his case study of New Zealand suggests.
15. Finally, race is central to understanding so much about America, including its current divisions. When someone asks me who I read to understand race in America, my go to is anything by or about James Baldwin. Top of my author Baldwin list is The Fire Next Time, followed by No Name in the Street. Fire was written in the early 60s and No Name after the assassination of Martin Luther King jr. Eddie Glaude jr. Begin Again: Jame’s Baldwin’s America and its urges lessons for our own times brings Baldwin up to the moment.

A LESSON IN HOW TO AGE WELL

“Paul John, you need to be told things three times before they really sink in.” My mother always called me ‘Paul John’ when she was mad at me. And me not listening really irritated her. Otherwise, I was Paul. That name, Paul John, and the tone of her voice when using that name, is still inside me. Ready to pounce. Like it did, yesterday.

NO GIFT NO GIFT NO GIFT

A couple of weeks ago two friends gave us a gift. It is a gift that can be given over and over and this was the second time we had received this present. Years ago they had made clear to me they wanted no thank you gift in return. Our enjoyment of their generosity was “gift enough.” I never told Rebecca about their request and so for the second time we purchased modest thank you gifts. Our friends graciously accepted these but repeated, for the third time, that our enjoyment of their gift was gift-enough.

No gift, no gift, no gift! “OK, I got it.” Just behind our friends’ warm but firm third-time-no-gift note was my mother’s ‘Paul John-voice.’ Two voices, my mother’s and my friends’, past and present. One speaking to the child inside me and one to the adult. The child is ageless. The adult is 71.

AGING WELL

I have been reading a terrific book on aging, Ageless Soul, by Thomas Moore. Aging, writes Moore, is

“An activity. It is something you do, not something that happens. When you age – active verb – you are proactive. If you really age, you become a better person. If you simply grow old, passively, you get worse. Chances are, you will be unhappy as you continue the fruitless fight against time.”

I’ll bet more than a few of you have your own ‘gift stories,’ stories about repeating mistakes. What do these stories have to do with aging well? Moore says aging is an activity. And conscious action is better than unconscious action. In words that are directed at all of us, regardless of age, Moore says

There is an unconsciousness in people that is itself unconscious. We don’t realize that we are unconscious about things that really matter.

‘Paul John’ didn’t care much that people had to say things three times to him, occasionally having to use the Churchill approach. Unconscious of the effect of this on others is a nice way of putting it. But 71 year old ‘Paul’ does care. More important, he wants to know how to age well, to become a better person.

REFLECTION AND TRANSFORMATION

Deep reflection on what life throws at us, suggests Moore, is the key element in aging well. Reflection means to “bend back,” to see and to probe what has happened. Reflection, ironically, is the primary ingredient in an active approach to aging. Ironic because it is more about being than doing.

My friends gentle but firm ‘no gift’ reminder is something life threw at me yesterday. This blog entry, together with the memories, thinking, and feeling that accompanied it, is the container that holds this bending back process in a form that helps set me on a path of transformation.

Aging well does not need to start at 71. Any age will do, ought to do. Moore says to think of the process as made up of leaps forward and plateaus, instead of a continuous upward movement. The leaps forward come from life experiences that are then reflected upon and made apart of oneself.

Openness to life, awareness of what is happening, and a willingness to go deep, are the answers to how to age well.

Rebecca and I just returned from a week on Madeline Island, one of a group of 22 Apostle Islands, in Lake Superior, off the coast of northern Wisconsin. Decorah friends Steve and Katie Sheppard provided an accommodation that offered us the chance to bike, hike, read and relax.

Sitting comfortably in Steve and Katie’s cozy kitchen in Madeline’s home away from our homes in Clarinda and Decorah, and inspired by the sunrise over Michigan Island on most mornings, I got to thinking about travel and routine, the yin and yang in the title.

Merriam-Webster defines yin and yang as “opposite sides, elements or extremes.” For me, travel is a yin or a yearning to see and experience new places. Routine is the yang to travel’s yin, an equally strong urge to set up a daily structure, especially in new places. Not everyone needs to balance their travel-yin with a routine-yang, in fact, some would find the two yearnings contradictory. Yet each sits comfortably, if a bit leery of each other, inside me. Walt Whitman in Song of Myself expresses it this way.

I love the “I contain multitudes” phrase. It gives me permission to accept my own contradictions. These contradictions, once they are seen and accepted, can productively work to balance each other.

On our first night on the island, with a glass of wine (Rebecca) and gin and tonic (me) in hand, we sat down to plan out our five days. Biking, hiking, and eating were easy, and routine. Rebecca then threw out the idea of kayaking. “In Lake Superior!” I exclaimed, finishing-up my G & T in one slurp. All of a sudden the comfortable balance between my travel-yang, a new place, and my routine-yin, doing things I was confident about, was disrupted.

A KAYAK STORY

Seven years ago – the year is etched in the yin part of my brain – Rebecca talked me into kayaking for the first time. We choose a local, favorite kayaking spot, the Root River, in Lanesboro, Minnesota, 35 miles north of Decorah. But first…

A BRIEF EXCURSION TO CHILDHOOD

I have always had a love – hate relationship with water, another yin and yang. Do you remember your first childhood memory? Mine is at 4 years old being thrown into Davenport, Iowa’s Fejervary Park pool during my first swimming lesson and sinking to the bottom of the pool. My mother’s version of the story was the instructor got fed up with my many tentative approaches to the water and finally just took matters into this own hands, along with me! Ten years later my Davenport Assumption High School science teacher, Don Jepsen, who would go on to become one of Iowa’s most successful swimming coaches, asked me to go out for Assumptions’s first-ever swimming team, and I said a yang-yes. Now…

BACK TO THE KAYAK STORY

As I maneuvered my kayak behind Rebecca’s into the Root River, I remember thinking ‘how hard can kayaking be?’ Not knowing what I did not know, I figured paddle left and then paddle right, yin and yang, and this worked for about 10 minutes. And then I lurched too far left and all of a sudden I am under the kayak in about five feet of water. 20 minutes later I have gotten the kayak upright drained of water and I am back in business, for about five minutes.

Protecting my left flank, I lurch too far right, and I am again under the water. Rebecca is 500 yards ahead helplessly watching all of this and, as she would say later, and confirmed a few years ago by our Decorah Off the Driftless kayaking guide, “I didn’t know anyone who had overturned a kayak.” Little did I know at the time, I was fast becoming the world’s foremost expert on flipping over a kayak.

I have kayaked three or four times since that first misadventure, with no mishaps. But anything in the water is still outside my comfort zone, never a comfortable part of my routine. So I balked at Rebecca’s kayaking suggestion, unwilling to fit it into our comfortable routine. This part of me, what I have designated the yang, is the part that says ‘no’ or ‘stop.’

YIN AND YANG LESSON FROM MADELINE

Travel, or what I have labeled yin, is a way of saying ‘yes’ to the world. Unhooked from one’s comfortable routines, travel can remind us of the tyranny of those routines. I need travel and other reminders to live life to its fullest. Maybe something else works for you. The yang part of me, apparent even at age 4 and that first swimming lesson – tentative, scared, passive, prudent, reticent, passive, seeing the world as too big – willing to settle into routine, requires a yin to yank me to the world outside my comfort zone.

What are your yins and yangs? Are they in balance?

That is the lesson I took from Madeline Island. The next time Rebecca suggests kayaking I will say YES. Unless it is on the Chattoga River, the river location for the 1970 film Deliverance.

Yesterday was one of those ‘do-over’ days, as in ‘I wish I could do it over.’ Rebecca and I were at Decorah’s outdoor Farmer’s Market, masked, following the posted rules.

“Maintain proper physical distancing of 6 feet. Wear a face mask or shield. Face masks will be available by donation, thanks to the Seamster’s Union of Winneshiek County.

At one of the market stalls, we purchased a loaf of bread and as I turned to leave I saw a man not wearing a mask, just a few feet away. Without enough thought, I walked through the swinging doors of the saloon, untied and mounted my horse, rode back to the offender, the breaker of rules, and said, in a stern but not unfriendly voice, as if reading from the posted notice, ‘you are supposed to wear a mask.’ He looked at me and said, ‘I will try to find a mask.’ I rode away, self-satisfied, for about 10 seconds. And then…I remembered another market rule.

Send only 1 person per household to shop when possible.

That mask-less guy, that rule-breaker, was not the only culprit. Rebecca and I are a household! It surely was possible for one of us to carry the loaf of bread and the little bit of vegetables we had purchased.

As I think back over this incident, what bothers me the most is how quickly I got on that damn high horse. How, WITHOUT MUCH THOUGHT, I turned into a JUDGE. And how my shaming turned into feeling ashamed.

I do not like myself when I get on a high horse, become a judge, and shame another. Even when I am right, even if we had not also broken the rules. How do I manage my tendency, WITHOUT MUCH THOUGHT, to get on that horse, become that judge, and shame another?

It is a problem of managing one’s feelings, before they occur. How to do that? WITHOUT MUCH THOUGHT is the clue. How does one slow down one’s thinking when in the thrall of feelings? The mask-less man irritated me.

My inability to manage the feeling of irritation led me to shame him, a strategy that never works because no one, not you, and certainly not me, ever changes their behavior as a result of being shamed. In fact, my shaming probably sent him in the opposite direction. Not only did my words make me feel ashamed, they probably resulted in the opposite of my intention. How stupid is that? So to be less stupid, I now carry a 3″ by 5″ index card with three phrases: thorny crowns, troubles or worries, & useless.

THORNY CROWNS: The phrase thorny crowns comes from a line in a stanza from my favorite Bob Dylan song In the still of the night.

We eat and we drink, we feel and we think

Far down the street we stray

I laugh and I cry and I’m haunted by

Things I never meant nor wished to say

The midnight rain follows the train

We all wear the same thorny crown

Soul to soul, our shadows roll

And I’ll be with you when the deal goes down

I love how Dylan puts it, “we all wear the same thorny crown.” We all carry pain, even the mask-less man. Unless I absolutely have to, why would I say something or act in some way that adds to another’s pain?

TROUBLES OR WORRIES: In A Very Naikan Thanksgiving I wrote about a Japanese self-reflection discipline that I learned about several years ago. The Naikan approach describes three questions one should reflect upon each day: 1. What gifts have I received from others?, 2. What gifts have I given to others?, & 3. What troubles or worries have I caused others? I have always found question 3 the most helpful and yesterday’s mask incident reminds me what happens when I neglect my Naikan reflection work.

USELESS: Einstein is reported to have said the definition of insanity is doing the same thing over and over again expecting different results. I know shaming has never changed my mind, if anything it roots me deeper in whatever it is I am being shamed for, so why would I think it could work to change another person’s behavior or opinion. It is a useless strategy, worse than a waste of time.

The key to managing unruly emotions is to give more thought before one acts. Observe any excellent performer, in sport, in art, in any human endeavor. They have learned to slow things down. My index card forces my brain to slow down, so that I GIVE MORE THOUGHT, before acting.

TRY IT and let me know how or whether it works for you.

It is embarrassing.

Especially this year.

In America.

Don’t tell Michelle Obama.

Who said last Monday.

“You know I hate politics.”

As she addressed the Democratic National Convention.

Michelle has good company. My partner Rebecca hates politics. Probably you do as well, at least if you are in America, in 2020.

I agree. There is so much ugliness in American politics today: the way our politicians treat their opponents; how everything, even the wearing of masks, is politicized; why so many problems go unsolved because America’s political institutions don’t seem up to the task.

I would often tell my students that looking closely at a society’s politics is like walking through a sausage factory seeing, really seeing, how sausage is made. If we did this before we ate sausage, most of us would not eat sausage. Sausage would have the popularity of the America’s Congress or its politics.

I love sausage despite having toured a sausage factory. ‘Are you kidding, that’s what goes into that succulent, grilled, tangy wonder splashed with mustard that sits perfectly between two fresh, soft bun slices.’ Yuk & wonder of wonders!

By now, you’ve guessed my little secret. I love American politics despite the ugliness of seeing it up close. I hold both the ‘yuk factor’ and the ‘wonder’ in my head, heart, and gut at the same time.

It’s easy to conjure up an image of a sausage. What about politics? To me, an image of a crowd of people protesting is my ‘sausage’ image of politics. Why?

Politics as it has evolved through human history – especially politics as it practiced in modern democracies – is this wondrous human creation that enables large groups of people to work out their differences peacefully. Below is a Tea Party rally on the left and a Black Lives Matter protest on the right. I support one and you might support the other or neither or both.

Seeing the images together is the wonder of politics. Politics is necessary because We, as in “we the people”, are naturally divided. Our divisions come from our freedoms, to think, believe, and want different things. From these freedoms come the formation of different interests. How do we work out our different interests peacefully? Politics gives us the rules, institutions, and leaders to enable a nation of 330 million to live in relative harmony, despite our differences.

That is an amazing accomplishment. More so as America has grown not just in numbers but, gloriously, in the number among us that we consider fully a part of the WE, in WE THE PEOPLE.

That’s the sausage to me, when I think about American politics. The expansive WE, which makes politics more divisive than ever, is at the same time its great beauty.

Of course Michelle Obama hates politics. How could she not? At the same time, she is fully included in the American politics of today, as much as me or you.

Somehow America’s imperfect politics made that possible. As it grinds along, it will make other ‘impossibilities’ possible as well.

That’s what I love.

A few days ago I received a letter* from my father who died at 3am on March 1, 1993. The letter is dated Friday, January 22, 1993 and is written to Sister Marilyn Thomas, BVM, my dad’s sister-in-law, known to her family as Fawny, short for Florence.

Except for a few references in the four page letter to “terminality” and “tumor metastasis,” one would never know my dad was dying. The letter is full of references to what is going on in the world, from the tragic death of Iowa basketball player Chris Street, to the election of Bill Clinton, and the wars in the Middle East.

And he foretold the future, with this description of how long Fawny and her sister Dody would live. “It looks like God may have provided a yellow brick road for you to live nicely on into your 90’s, past your mother [who died at 94], and possibly/probably Dody with her walking exercise, so you two have each other’s company for a long time yet.” Dody, on the left, would die in 2017 at 96 and Fawny, on the right, completed her earthly journey last year at 103.

In this section of the letter about how “nice and fortunate” it would be for my mom and her sister to have long lives together, my dad added the words that form the title of this essay.

FOR ME, ENUF IS ENUF.

The sinus cancer that had been diagnosed in the spring of 1984 and that had been caged longer than his doctors had predicted was now on the hunt and it was time for my father to die. He knew it and accepted it; “enuf is enuf.”

Like many of you during this COVID-time I have been dreaming more than usual. Many of my dreams are set in and around my childhood home, with one or both my parents in the dream, silent and in the background. Each is materially gone, but still part of me. If you have lost a loved one, you probably know what I mean. What does it mean for a parent to still be with me?

If you were to have asked me, before I read my dad’s letter to Fawny, what life lesson he taught me, I would have said “my father taught me how to die.” And this letter reinforces that lesson. Paul Gardner senior fought his cancer relentlessly until his body and mind told him ‘no more.’ He accepted this impersonal verdict – one that looms ahead somewhere out there for each of us – with dignity.

There is another lesson contained in this letter, one that is even more valuable to the living-me. My father had such a big heart. Dying, his condition “slowly getting worse,” yet the words, sentences and paragraphs in this four page letter are all about the world and others. Not just a big heart but an open heart. Toward the end of the letter he writes the following.

I THINK THAT GOOD LIFE AND HAPPINESS SHOULD BE AS EXTENSIVE AS POSSIBLE FOR THE HUMAN RACE, AND AS REASONABLE AS POSSIBLE FOR ALL OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM.

In The Heart of Christianity Marcus Borg describes a closed heart as

Insensitive to wonder and awe. The world looks ordinary when our hearts are closed.

My father’s heart was open and because it was open it was big. He not only knew how to die but he knew how to live. This letter-gift from my still-with-me-father is that we die as we live.

How to open our hearts? Borg, again in The Heart of Christianity, says one way is through thin places, or places where the world of spirit intersects with the material world. Neither Paul Sr. nor Paul Jr. was or is traditionally religious.

However, my father taught me to be open to the world’s mysteries. One of those mysteries, perhaps even a thin place, is how a letter written 27 years ago enters my life at the exact moment I am open to its messages.

A few months before he wrote this letter my father had cataract surgery. Let me give him the last word in this blog, as he described how before this surgery he had not realized the world had gotten so dull. Now, he said,

IT’S ACTUALLY BEAUTIFUL

*Thanks to Linda and AJ Thomas for archiving this letter and many other Thomas’ family memorabilia.

I have tried to keep my conscious political biases out of my blogs and will do so again in the future. However, I believe the American presidential election of 2020 is about something bigger than Mr. Biden or America’s Democratic Party. This appeal to vote for Joe Biden is an appeal for American democracy itself. Toward the end of the blog I address those who will vote for President Trump. My major message to them is I will choose not to heap upon your shoulders all of offenses I see in Mr. Trump.

Election 2020: A Personal Appeal

These comments were prompted by an opinion piece by George Will in the July 29th Washington Post. Will titled his piece, “Biden’s election will end national nightmare 2.0.” Will is one of many conservatives, Republicans and former Republicans never or not-again Trumpers.

Elections for national offices in modern democracies are all about building a national coalition of voters. I believe the coalition that is massing toward a Biden victory in November includes the following groups.

1. Republican never-Trumpers (George Will ++++)
2. Republican not-Trump-again-after-COVID or George Floyd or a combination of things.
3. Republican-leaning-Independents, in either category 1 or 2.
4. Progressive Democrats who are still angry about Sander’s defeat & very skeptical of Biden.
5. Liberal Democrats who liked Warren & are skeptical of Biden.
6. Moderate Democrats like me who wanted Pete and are comfortable with Biden and relieved it is Biden, to be honest.
7. Democrat-leaning-independent, in categories 4, 5, or 6.

The above coalition may not be a governing coalition. It may only be an election coalition. What do I mean? I am a liberal to moderate Democrat and have significant disagreements with my progressive Democrat friends about Medicare for All, the Green New Deal, and defunding the police. However, there is much common ground among all the categories of the Democrats on the general idea of using the power and resources of the federal government to reduce poverty, racial inequalities, and the ravages of global warming. Democratic members of Congress backed by some combination of groups 4 – 6 will find governing-coalition-building difficult but not impossible.

The Republicans who vote for Mr. Biden identify with the Republican Party for reasons that will make it difficult for them to support many of the policies a President Biden will favor. To expect otherwise is to not understand and respect those reasons. Republicans want a smaller domestic national government, fewer regulations, and lower taxes. Many will oppose the judicial ideology of Biden nominees to America’s highest court, especially on abortion and religious liberty issues.

A President Biden and a Democratic controlled House and Senate (if these should come to pass) will need to be politically prudent in considering the policy preferences of the members of their election coalition and the impact of these preferences on the other side of the political aisle. Losers and how they are treated are just as important as the winners in a democratic society where winners today could easily become losers tomorrow.

I have studied and taught politics for most of my adult life. I am comfortable with the positive role politics plays in modern democracies. When politics is working properly, a society is able to work out its conflicts in a peaceful fashion. Losers today can be winners tomorrow. Consensus is only necessary on the democratic rules of the game. It is not necessary on most of the policy issues that divide Americans. In fact, to expect consensus is to expect agreement on worldview and that is an anti-democratic proposition. The key always is to manage a society’s disagreements and the central management tool are agreed upon democratic rules of the game.

The groups listed above disagree on many issues but generally agree on the democratic rules of the game. Indeed, it is the breaking of those rules by President Trump that primarily accounts for the never-Trump phenomenon among so many Republicans.

What is at stake in the presidential election of 2020 are those democratic rules. With another four years of President Trump, those rules might be gone forever. Without those rules, the American democracy is lost.

To my friends who plan to vote for President Trump

I do not consider you the enemy and I hope you think the same of me. I know many of you will vote for him despite his personal and governing flaws. You do not want to risk the policies and Supreme Court nominees a President Biden will present to the country. I have never believed politics or even friendship requires agreement. And I respect your political choices and assume you come to those with the best of intentions.

This is a difficult time in America. So many people are angry; so many feel their voices are not heard. At the same time, more voices are heard, expect to be heard, even demand to be heard, than ever before. Many question ‘whose country’ this really is. You have your questions, I have mine.

If you and I end up on opposite sides this fall, let’s choose to treat each other more kindly than we have in the past.

I know of no other way forward.

I have eaten at a Whitey’s ice cream shop hundreds of times, but the trip I describe below prompted this reflection about the ruthlessness and humility of time.

The most memorable trip to my favorite ice cream store was not even about ice cream. Or not only ice cream. Even now, five years later, I hold in my mind two images. One, my all time favorite food item, a Whitey’s chocolate malt and two, well, please read on.

It was February 2015 and Rebecca and I were taking five Luther College students from Decorah, Iowa to Bloomington, Illinois to attend a Human Rights workshop at Illinois Wesleyan University. My hometown of Davenport, Iowa is halfway and we decided to stop, at one of the Whitey’s locations, on 53rd street. The students in the van were in their own little worlds, some chatting, others with ear buds, when I drove into the parking lot and maneuvered the van forward into a parking space.

One by one the students noticed the sign and then came a spontaneous burst of commentary: “I don’t believe it;” “it’s 2015;” “Whitey’s, seriously? “oh my God” & “how could they name it Whitey’s?” Rebecca and I looked at each other, dumbfounded, for a moment. I had been going to Whitey’s for decades and so knew its history. I explained to the students the Whitey’s name came from the original owner who was nicknamed Whitey because of his blond hair. The name dates from the 1930s and when the business was sold in the 1950s the name stuck. All five students listened politely but skeptically and decided to eat next door at Subway.

A few days ago I shared this story with a Davenport friend who replied in an email:

“Those students have a great perspective – just as we did at that age.” 

Bingo, that was it! My friend put words to why this visit to Whitey’s had stuck with me. Whitey’s has always meant something more than just a great chocolate malt. In my memory, family times in a Whitey’s or the long-gone Iowana Dairy in Bettendorf, Iowa or Decorah’s Whippy Dip where I would take my 90 year old mother when she visited were always comfortable and free from everyday family-tensions.

These malt-musings full of nostalgia were on my mind as I drove into Whitey’s in 2015 only to be interrupted by the ruthlessness of the student comments. In response, I wanted to say to them what I am saying now to you.

How dare you? Let me have, let me hold onto, the innocence of my past. Don’t complicate my memories with your interpretations.

My friend’s words quoted above triggered two concluding revelations. One is a memory fragment of the family room of the house I grew up in, with an orange couch and yellow’ish’ shag carpet, as it was the summer of 1970. My father Paul, Uncle Al and cousin Jim are sitting around a table. Jim and I are in college, he at Loras, me at St. Ambrose.

It is about a month after Kent State where four students were killed and nine were injured by the national guard. We are arguing about Vietnam, race relations, poverty, and the Kent State shootings. I threw every negative judgment about America I could at my father and uncle, eventually stalking out. I was the angry and immature version of the students in the van, in a different place and time. In my mind, ruthlessly dismantling their world.

Now, I am old and I am them, my father and uncle. Not exactly, of course. I am a Democrat; they were Republican. But this Whitey’s reflection is about more than politics. It is about the ruthlessness and humility of time, what it does to all of us.

This brings me to the second revelation, urged on by my favorite stanza from my favorite Bob Dylan song, The Times They are a changing:

Come mothers and fathers

Throughout the land

And don’t criticize

What you can’t understand

Your sons and your daughters

Are beyond your command

Your old road is rapidly agin’

Please get out of the new one

If you can’t lend your hand

For the times they are a-changin’

Time is ruthless because the ‘times are [always] a-changing.’ And it suggests humility because yesterday’s ‘sons and daughters’ are today’s ‘mothers and fathers.’ Even Dylan’s language, ‘mothers and fathers,’ for example, would be interrogated by many today.

My Whitey’s story is now a more complicated one. It contains a dose of the old and a portion of the new. And if I apply this lesson to many other parts of my personal and public life, if I can lend a hand to whatever new is coming, at least in conversation, then my adversaries may stop seeing me as the enemy.

And I them.

We are Here for such a short time. So much happened before we were born. And more will happen after we die.

Rebecca and I this COVID -19 summer have been in Houston babysitting four-year old Irene, one of Rebecca’s six grandchildren. ‘What will Irene be like when she is 30?’ we asked ourselves the other day. ‘We likely won’t be here’ one of us said, meaning not Houston-here but Here-here. That conversation prompted this thought:

What will I miss when I die?

I will miss knowing how real stories turn out. For example,

• The stories of family, friends and Irene
• The story of Luther College, my professional home for 35 years.
• The story of America

Wouldn’t it be a kick to catch a cosmic-glimpse of Irene as a parent in 2050, the Luther College course offerings of 2070, and the two paragraphs on Donald Trump, America’s 45th President, in an American history book written in 2120.

What’s truly humbling about getting older is seeing today what seems obvious but was not obvious, just a few history-moments ago. I will truly miss the actual-worked-out-in-real-time stories of family and friends, Luther College, and America because there is too much I do not see today that will be obvious at some distant or not so distant time. We know too little about how our world will change to know how any of these stories will turn out, unless we are here.

I will use one example from my life to illustrate this phenomenon, how what is obvious today was not obvious yesterday?

Gender Equality in Sports

I attended Assumption High School in Davenport, Iowa graduating in 1967. Looking through Assumption’s 1967 yearbook*, I was mildly surprised to see no ‘girl’s’ sports teams, only a Girls’ Recreation Association that organized intramurals. I say mildly surprised because I thought I remembered a girl’s track team. It turns out there was no track, tennis, golf, volleyball or even basketball, for girls. Ironic for basketball, as Iowa and a few other states in the 1920s and 1930s pioneered girl’s six on six person basketball but it was mostly played in small towns and not in large city high schools.

Gender inequality in high school sports would begin to change in 1972 with the passage of Title IX, a law that “prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any education programs or activities that receive federal funds…” Looking at Assumption’s current athletic’s web page, it shows 11 boys and 10 girls sports teams plus competitive cheer leading and dance programs.

Assumption’s boys and girls sports’ teams have won 51 state championships since 1970. The past decade, boys teams have won 9 and girl’s teams 16, including the 2016 state championship girl’s soccer team.

What is amazing to me is that no one I knew in 1967 ever asked why the girls did not have athletic teams.

Others asked, I am sure. Feminism was in its second phase but not yet mainstream and had certainly not filtered down to my little world in Davenport, Iowa. Soon after my graduation from high school, like many others, I would begin to question America’s war in Vietnam and its racial inequalities. ‘Seeing’ gender inequities in sports and other areas of American life, while obvious today, was not ‘seen’ by me and too many others in 1967.

What is it that I do not see today that others will see as obvious at some future point in time, when I am no longer here?

Rebecca, Irene and I walk Bray’s Bayou almost everyday, with Irene asking ‘why’ to almost everything we observe, from the tracks on the path to the masks on people’s faces.

I think about an imaginary conversation along Bray’s Bayou in 2086 between a 70 year old Irene and Rebecca and Paul’s spirits. Irene is telling us about the late 21st century and our spirits ask over and over again, not why, but ‘wait, what**?’ As in, ‘you’ve got to be kidding.’

Why did we not see that?

*Thanks to Mary Ann Ricketts who pointed me to the yearbook link on the Davenport Assumption web site.

**The first and most essential question in a great little book Wait, what? by James E. Ryan.

Jeremiah Chapman is a high school baseball player at Charles City High School, in northeast Iowa. On June 27th, Charles City was playing Waverley-Shell Rock in Waverly, also in northeast Iowa. Chapman is the only black player on the Charles City baseball team. Throughout the game Chapman, who plays center field, heard taunts from a Waverly-Shell fan section in the outfield bleachers.

The first taunt was ‘Colin,’ after Colin Kaepernick, the black former quarterback of the San Francisco Forty Niners. Kaepernick became famous and infamous in 2016 for kneeling during the National Anthem to protest police brutality against African-Americans. In a speech in 2017 in Alabama President Trump said of NFL players who kneel.

Wouldn’t you love to see one of these NFL owners, when somebody disrespects our flag, to say, ‘Get that son of a bitch off the field right now. Out! He’s fired. He’s fired!

The second taunt was ‘you need to go back to the fields to do your job.’

Then came the third taunt.

‘You should have been George Floyd.’

Jeremiah’s story was posted by a Facebook friend a few days ago and I have heard from several other friends who are familiar with the story. Response by these friends fell into two categories of questions.

Some asked, how can this be in America in 2020? We’ve come so far, haven’t we? America ended slavery, at a cost of 600,000 lives. We ended legal discrimination with the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Barack Hussein Obama was elected in 2008 and re-elected in 2012.

Others asked, how could this not be, in America, regardless of the year? Racist taunting is simply a softer version of something that is a natural part of America, as its history of slavery, Jim Crow, mass incarceration, and the killing by American police of unarmed black men like George Floyd. Professor Henry Louis Gates Jr. puts this view of America this way.

“Racism has been part of America’s cultural DNA since before the ink dried on the Constitution. Dominant in some and recessive in others, it’s a gene that has mutated over time yet remains part of the inheritance weighing us down, one generation to the next. The damage it has done is systemic and goes all the way down to the cellular level.”

And this is only the African-American experience and says nothing about historic inequities regarding women, Native Americans, Asians or members of the LGBTQ communities.

How should we think about race or reform of any kind in America, in light of the George Floyd and Jeremiah stories, that put human faces to the still significant racial inequities in the areas of criminal justice, wealth, education, and, as COVID – 19 reminds us, health care.

Professor Timothy Snyder, an American historian that specializes in Central European history and the holocaust, suggests that in analyzing any contemporary situation it is necessary to see how it “represents both change and continuity.”**

Recall my friends’ responses to the Jeremiah Chapman story. The ‘America has come so far’ is the change story. The ‘America is naturally racist’ is the continuity story. Let’s apply this continuity and change template to Chapman story as reported in The Courier.

Continuity

Racist language, apparently without condemnation by other fans, like the killing of George Floyd and all the other racial inequities in America in 2020, are linked to a long American history of racist ideas and policies in the service of powerful white interests.

Change

Jeremiah Chapman described the taunts to an umpire and the umpire asked Jeremiah if he wanted him to stop the game. Umpires now have the authority to stop games under these circumstances.

The Waverly Shell Rock School district confirmed the incident, is continuing to investigate, and issued the following apology.

This behavior is unacceptable. We make no excuses, because there are none. We do wish to make a sincere apology to the Charles City School District and community and, in particular, the young man towards whom these comments were directed.

The Charles City School District said the incident has been investigated and corroborated by sources. The superintendent put out the following statement.

The overwhelming evidence was it absolutely happened and unfortunately it wasn’t the first-time racial remarks have been heard at visiting games.

Racist taunting at America’s sporting events, including high school sports, is a constant. However, in 2020 these expressions of racist ideas are treated differently than they would have been even a decade ago. Game officials can stop games, school districts take these incidents seriously, and bar perpetrators from games. America’s media puts these stories front and center for all to see.

Just as America’s police keep killing unarmed African-Americans but now are being fired, charged with murder, and, perhaps more importantly, this social fact is recognized by a majority of Americans as a genuine problem. And athletes and others all over America and the world are now taking a knee. In the picture below, the entire Des Moines Roosevelt High School baseball team takes a knee during the National Anthem before their first game, June 2020.

The most productive way to think about race in America today is to hold its racism and antiracism in tension, through America’s twin stories of continuity and change.

Seeing only continuity leads too easily to cynicism and hopelessness and these scourges favor the status quo.

Seeing only change leads too easily to self-congratulations and innocence and these scourges also favor the status quo.

Think about Jeremy Chapman. Its hard enough playing center field and being 17, under the best of circumstances. Imagine words as vile as ‘you should have been George Floyd’ spat at you when you were 17. For Jeremy, America is better than it was but not as good as it can be.

What can you and I do today and tomorrow and the next day to move America closer to that “more perfect union” described in the Preamble to the American Constitution?

“We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

*This quote is taken from a story in The Courier

**Thanks to Fulbright colleague and Professor Bill Issel for the Timothy Snyder change and continuity idea, from Snyder’s Black Earth.